Tredje kvartal vil viser en rekordvækst i USA, mener økonomer, der alle er enige om en massiv forbedring af de tal, som offentliggøres senere i dag. Væksten kan blive på 31 pct., men det svarer til faldet i andet kvartal. På årsbasis er der stadig tale om en minusvækst for året, og i fjerde kvartal kan væksten blive meget lav. De mange midlertidige fyringer i erhvervsliver viser, at den økonomiske genopretning bliver langvarig. Det er uvist, om tallene i dag vil påvirke valget på tirsdag, for opsvinget i tredje kvartal har længe været ventet.
Record U.S. third-quarter growth expected; healing from COVID-19 still a long way
The U.S. economy likely experienced record growth in the third quarter as more than $3 trillion in federal pandemic relief spending fueled historic consumer spending, but the deep scars from the COVID-19 recession could take a year or more to heal.
No one disputes that the Commerce Department’s report Thursday on gross domestic product – one of the last major economic scorecards before next week’s presidential election – will be one for the history books.
Nonetheless, it will do little to mitigate the human tragedy inflicted by the coronavirus pandemic, with tens of millions Americans still unemployed and more than 222,000 dead.
With five days remaining to Election Day and trailing in most national opinion polls, President Donald Trump will probably seize on the stunning rebound in GDP as a sign of recovery following the deepest decline in at least 73 years.
Even still, it likely will leave U.S. output some 4% below its level in the fourth quarter of 2019, a fact Trump’s challenger, Democrat Joe Biden, is almost certain to highlight along with signs that the growth spurt is fast petering out.
“The figure for estimated GDP growth in the third quarter will be dramatic, and will have absolutely zero effect on the election,” said Christopher Way, associate professor of government at Cornell University. “For people who are still out of work or struggling with dwindling savings after the stimulus wears off, it will have little impact.”
Gross domestic product probably rebounded at a 31% annualized rate last quarter, according to a Reuters survey of economists. That would be the fastest pace since the government started keeping records in 1947 and follow a historic 31.4% rate of decline in the second quarter.
The expected surge in GDP growth would recoup a little over half of the 10.6% plunge in output in the first half of the year. By comparison, the economy contracted 4% peak to trough during the 2007-09 Great Recession.
The rescue package provided a lifeline for many businesses and the unemployed, juicing up consumer spending, which on its own is estimated to have made up about 80% of the jump in GDP.
Just over half of the 22.2 million jobs lost during the pandemic have been recouped, and layoffs persist. The economy plunged into recession in February.
A separate report from the Labor Department on Thursday is likely to show 775,000 people filed for state unemployment benefits last week, according to a Reuters survey. Though claims have dropped from a record 6.867 million in March, they remain above their 665,000 peak during the Great Recession.
About 23.2 million Americans were receiving unemployment benefits in early October, though many have exhausted their eligibility for state aid. Another fiscal package is expected after the election or early next year.
DEEP HOLE
“There is still a long way to go before we get back to where we were before the pandemic, probably the end of 2021,” said Gus Faucher, chief economist at PNC Financial in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. “That assumes we get additional stimulus. Growth will slow through 2021 and the recovery will get more difficult as some structural issues with the economy persist.”
Growth estimates for the fourth quarter are below a 5% rate.
Though a turnaround is expected in business investment after the second-quarter drubbing, economists believe the bounce would be temporary as demand for goods that do not compliment life-style changes brought by COVID-19 remains weak. The pandemic has also crushed oil prices, weighing on spending on nonresidential structures like gas and oil well drilling.